Polymorphisme des microsatellites Chez le grenadier (Punica granatum L.): Génotypage et identification des cultivars

摘要

Specific microsatellites (SSRs) markers were used to characterize a set of 32 Tunisianpomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars. Using 13 SSR primers, a total of 40 alleles and46 genotypes have been identified. As a result, data proved that a high level of polymorphismcharacterizes the Tunisian pomegranate germplasm at the DNA level. Thederived Neighbour-joining (NJ) dendrogram constructed using DAS genetic distancesexhibited a genetic diversity structured independently from the geographical origin ofcultivars and their denomination. This result suggested that a common genetic basis maycharacterize Tunisian pomegranate cultivars despite their phenotypic divergences.Furthermore, based on the multilocus genotypes a cultivar’s identification key has beenestablished and permitted to unambiguously differentiate between varieties. The obtainedresults are discussed in term of establishment and management of a national collection ofpomegranate varieties, conformity checks, identification of homonyms and synonyms, andscreening of the local resources. Furthermore, this microsatellite-based key is a first steptowards a marker-assisted identification pomegranate database.